When it comes to lying, there are four basic ways it can go:
1) They don't believe it, but they think/hope you believe it.
2) They believe it, and they think you believe it.
3) They believe it, and they think you don't believe it.
4) They don't believe it, and they know you don't believe it either.
For our purposes, "lie" is defined as "a demonstratable falsehood, not necessarily malicious", e.g., "The sky is pink and made of cheese."
Option one is, in my experience, the most basic and most common type of lie: "No Mom, I didn't break the cookie jar." Option two is classic self-delusion: The liar lies to himself as well as to his audience, usually in order to rationalize or justify something he knows is wrong or incorrect. Gollum's "The Ring was a birthday present" is a good example.
Option three is a subset of self-delusion, where the liar (lying to himself) believes the other person is the deluded party -- just about any cult you care to name functions on this principle.
Finally, there's option four, also known as the brazen or bald-faced lie. Of the four options, I find this one most preferable. I would rather not be lied to at all, of course, but at least both the liar and I know the score. I bring this up because Richard Fernandez at the Belmont Club has put his finger on why things have felt so ... off lately:
[N]othing is more paramount either to the establishment nor to the politically correct sections of the media than the maintenance of a lie. For the lie is in the service of the greater good. High reasons of policy will be invoked to explain why the truth should not be so. But the extreme reliance on fantasy by parts of the Western establishment goes well beyond surrounding a kernel of the truth with a “bodyguard of lies.” Instead it is the lie itself which is guarded by even more falsehoods. Gradually and inexorably, an entire political class has staked its existence on continuation of falsehood. The greater good is the fiction. Deception has become a necessity in itself.
His examples include the "plight" of the Palestinians (including the true nature of the "peace activists" on that flotilla); the presentation of Islamic terrorism as a series of "man-made disasters"; and China's refusal to acknowledge that North Korea sank South Korea's ship. The list could go on and on, and not just on the international stage -- "jobs saved or created", anyone?
I was never much of a TV news watcher, being an Internet junkie pretty much from day one. I am even less of one now; I'll check the weather, and I'll watch the crawl for a few minutes to see if something happened in the last five minutes, but that's about it. Tuning in to the mainstream media (on any platform) has gone from "let's see what happened today" to "let's see what they're saying happened today". There's no guarantee that what we're told is what's true. This, in and of itself, is nothing new -- do a little reading on the role of yellow journalism at the turn of the 20th century, and you'll see what I mean. But at least then they were operating on options one and four: They didn't believe it, but they hoped you would -- and if you didn't, well, wink-wink nudge-nudge, they gave it a go, what? Can't blame a man for trying.
Now? Now it's all options two and three. Journalism is a sacred calling, reporters are workers in the service of the greater good, and nothing can get in the way of that -- not even facts. And there is no "Now wait a second, what about ... ?" because it simply won't compute. There will be no "All right, fair enough, you caught me." There is only, cue kettledrums and fanfare, THE TRUTH. And anyone who disagrees with THE TRUTH must certainly be wrong. They might even be mentally ill! But there's certainly no way they could ever be, you know, right.
In The Screwtape Letters, Lewis mentions that once upon a time, men knew when a thing was proved and changed their lives accordingly. Option one and option four fit into this: The liar has the ability to acknowledge the lie, once confronted. But we live in an option two and three world, where truth is relative and reality is subject to interpretation, and therefore the liar does not have to accept being proved wrong. All the counterarguments in all the world will not budge a person who believes he's right, especially if he believes in something bigger than himself. But if that bigger something is founded on a lie ...
We live in interesting times. I wonder how long it will take before reality elbows its way in and demands a seat at the global table.